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Make-work job
A make-work job is a job that has less immediate financial benefit to the economy than the job costs to support. Make-work jobs are similar to workfare but are publicly offered on the job market and have otherwise normal employment requirements (workfare jobs, in contrast, may be handed out to a randomly selected applicant or have special requirements such as continuing to search for a non-workfare job).
==Criticism and analysis==
Make-work jobs are considered to be harmful when they provide very little practical experience and training so that they can't work as a bridge to careers.〔Peter Doeringer, B. Vermeulen, ''Jobs and Training in the 1980s'', Boston Studies in Applied Economics, Springer, 1981, ISBN 9780898380620, p. 196〕
As a part of New Deal, the Federal Emergency Relief Administration provided $500 million for relief operations by states and cities, while the short-lived CWA (Civil Works Administration) gave localities money to operate make-work projects in 1933-34. Economists like Milton Friedman considered those programs like the CCC and WPA as a justified temporary response to an emergency. Friedman gave Roosevelt considerable credit for relieving immediate distress and restoring confidence.
In a socialist nationalised economy, several of the nationalized sectors of work can be considered as make work jobs, whereby the industry being worked in does not necessarily make a profit, but is considered essential by the state to the national interest. In practice, however, the phrase "make-work" is more commonly only used for work that is both of negative financial benefit and also not considered to be of any other particular benefit to the national interest.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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